Use and Management of Mediterranean Ecosystems in South Africa—Current Problems1

Deputy Director for Conservation Research, S. African Forestry Research Institute, Dept. of Water Affairs, Forestry and Environmental Conservation, Pretoria, Rep. of South Africa. Abstract--This paper summarises patterns of landuse and management in mediterranean-type ecosystems of South Africa and, in greater detail, aspects of current management of fynbos mountain catchments. The managed fire regime and how it is likely to affect ecosystems is outlined. Controversial questions about the effect of fire frequency on species diversity and on catchment nutrient and water balance, and about the ecological effects of unseasonal burning, indicate priorities for research. The biology of invasive plants needs more thorough study. Techniques of applying fire need development to allow more flexible management.